Or is it?įor hundreds of years we’ve been able to predict the effects of gravity. Gravity is always there-it’s stable, it’s permanent, it’s unchanging. Lift your arm and feel how you are compelled to drop it again. However, at large distances from the Earth, or around other planets or moons, the acceleration is different.Take a moment to observe the effects of gravity. The acceleration due to gravity is the acceleration produced in the freely falling body due to the influence of the gravitational pull of the earth. For these reasons, G is called the universal constant. This force is not dependent on nature, chemical composition or temperature of particles. Also, when the object is on or near to the surface the value of g becomes constant and does not change considerably with the height.Īgain, why G is a universal constant? Since the gravitational force between two parties does not depend on the presence of the medium, nor on the nature of the medium. So, if R is constant, acceleration due to gravity at Place is constant and independent of the mass of the body. g = GM/R 2, since m is absent in the expression, hence acceleration due to gravity is independent of the mass of the body. Where g is the acceleration due to gravity, G is the universal gravitational constant, M is mass, and R is distance. On the other hand value of g does not depend on the mass of the body, but depends on the distance of the body from the center at the earth.įrom the relation of G and g, it would be questioned: Why the earth creates the same acceleration due to gravity to all bodies independent of the mass of the bodies? In answer will say that if M and R are considered respectively the mass and radius of the earth then for a body of mass m on the surface of the earth, we can write, (iv) Value of G does not depend on the mass of the body, nor on the distance of the body from the center of the earth. (iii) G is a scalar quantity, whereas g is a vector quantity (ii) Value of G as 6.657 x 10 -11 Nm 2kg -2, whereas the value of g is 9.8 ms -2 (i) G is a universal constant, whereas g is a variable constant G = / 2 = – 9.846 ms -2įrom the relation of gravitational constant and acceleration due to gravity, we can learn the following things – From this, we can come to this conclusion that the value of g at any place on the earth is constant, but it varies with Location.Ĭonsider the mass of the earth, M = 5.983 x 10 24 kg and radius of the earth, R = 6.36 x 10 6 m, then according to the above equation the value of ‘g’ is, Again, we know G and M are constant, so the value of g, at a place depends on the distance from the center of the earth to that place. The formula for the acceleration due to gravity is based on Newton’s Second Law of Motion and Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation.Īcceleration due to gravity = (gravitational constant x mass of the earth) / (radius of the earth) 2Īccording to this equation acceleration due to gravity does not depend on the mass of the body. This is the relation between gravitational constant and acceleration due to gravity. This is the expression of g on the surface of the earth. If the mass and radius of the earth are respectively M and R., then from Newton’s law of gravitation we get.Īgain, from Newton’s second law of motion, we get, Suppose, a body of mass m is on the surface of the earth and the earth is a round body. Equation of gravitational constant and acceleration due to gravity
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